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:B. Pollution <u>from</u> the ACCs. Cleansing the air is bound to create some nasty by-products, at least with the kind of track record that humans have for creating solutions that create more problems.
:B. Pollution <u>from</u> the ACCs. Cleansing the air is bound to create some nasty by-products, at least with the kind of track record that humans have for creating solutions that create more problems.
:C. Weaponized viruses. Perhaps someone recklessly created a bio-weapon that got out of control.
:C. Weaponized viruses. Perhaps someone recklessly created a bio-weapon that got out of control.
:D. [[wikipedia:Virus#Genetic_change|Mutated viruses]]. Perhaps existing viruses were accidentally altered by the pollution and became more virulent.
:D. [[wp:Virus#Genetic_change|Mutated viruses]]. Perhaps existing viruses were accidentally altered by the pollution and became more virulent.
:E. Extraterrestrial origins. Life from "another world" could be producing natural (to them) byproducts, which are inherently hostile to our life. This is strongly hinted at by the unusual nature of the Daodan as well as the Screaming Cells. The weapon page for the Screaming Cannon states: "This weapon fires capsules that release a mysterious entity known as a Screaming Cell. These creatures seem to exist out of Earth phase, but feed on human lifeforce and are drawn to it when freed". This doesn't mean that all of the Wilderness came from another planet or "dimension", but consider [http://carnage.bungie.org/oniforum/oni.forum.pl?read=17589 this post] by Hardy LeBel on our old forum. Quoting it here for posterity:
:E. Extraterrestrial origins. Life from "another world" could be producing natural (to them) byproducts, which are inherently hostile to our life. This is strongly hinted at by the unusual nature of the Daodan as well as the Screaming Cells. The weapon page for the Screaming Cannon states: "This weapon fires capsules that release a mysterious entity known as a Screaming Cell. These creatures seem to exist out of Earth phase, but feed on human lifeforce and are drawn to it when freed". This doesn't mean that all of the Wilderness came from another planet or "dimension", but consider [http://carnage.bungie.org/oniforum/oni.forum.pl?read=17589 this post] by Hardy LeBel on our old forum. Quoting it here for posterity:
{{Pullquote|Well, obviously I don't have much say over what happens next, but MY plan was to take Konoko and drop her into a "road warrior" setting, where small enclaves of society were huddling in atmospheric safe zones. Outside in the badlands Daodan warlords and enforcers ruled over the unfortunate masses.
{{Pullquote|Well, obviously I don't have much say over what happens next, but MY plan was to take Konoko and drop her into a "road warrior" setting, where small enclaves of society were huddling in atmospheric safe zones. Outside in the badlands Daodan warlords and enforcers ruled over the unfortunate masses.
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:*Another universe:
:*Another universe:
::This would follow the science-fiction tradition of alternate planes of existence, following the [[wikipedia:many-worlds interpretation|many-worlds interpretation]] of quantum physics, and most famously explored (at least in American pop culture) by TV show [[wikipedia:Sliders|''Sliders'']].
::This would follow the science-fiction tradition of alternate planes of existence, following the [[wp:many-worlds interpretation|many-worlds interpretation]] of quantum physics, and most famously explored (at least in American pop culture) by TV show [[wp:Sliders|''Sliders'']].


:*Another place:
:*Another place:
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:If we've gotten that settled, then the next question is the nature of the Daodan. What type of life is it?
:If we've gotten that settled, then the next question is the nature of the Daodan. What type of life is it?
:A. Animal. It's true that most animals are quite mobile, but there are some that are perfectly content to find a home and stay there forever; e.g. [[wikipedia:coral|coral]] and [[wikipedia:barnacle|barnacles]].
:A. Animal. It's true that most animals are quite mobile, but there are some that are perfectly content to find a home and stay there forever; e.g. [[wp:coral|coral]] and [[wp:barnacle|barnacles]].
:B. Plant. Flowering plants, in particular, benefit from outside help (from animals) to reproduce; some cannot reproduce at all without animals (Cf. [[wikipedia:fig wasp|the fig wasp]]).
:B. Plant. Flowering plants, in particular, benefit from outside help (from animals) to reproduce; some cannot reproduce at all without animals (Cf. [[wp:fig wasp|the fig wasp]]).
:C. Bacteria. Bacteria are the most symbiotic life forms. We typically assume that the Chrysalis is a single organism, but what if it's a colony?
:C. Bacteria. Bacteria are the most symbiotic life forms. We typically assume that the Chrysalis is a single organism, but what if it's a colony?
:D. Then there's the "mystery" domain of life, the organisms that are often not considered to be alive at all, but simply invasive or unusual genetic processes. In terms of complexity and independent existence, we have viruses at the high end, but as you go down the scale -- viroids, plasmids, prions, transposons -- you eventually end up with a continuous spectrum that reaches into the basic nature of genetic replication, inalienable from the actual process of life.
:D. Then there's the "mystery" domain of life, the organisms that are often not considered to be alive at all, but simply invasive or unusual genetic processes. In terms of complexity and independent existence, we have viruses at the high end, but as you go down the scale -- viroids, plasmids, prions, transposons -- you eventually end up with a continuous spectrum that reaches into the basic nature of genetic replication, inalienable from the actual process of life.
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:'''Plant'''
:'''Plant'''
::Pros: Plants are easier to deal with, from a story-telling perspective, than animals or bacteria. They're simpler than animals in terms of lifestyle, and they exist in a single body, so they can't spread in an untidy manner like bacteria or viruses.
::Pros: Plants are easier to deal with, from a story-telling perspective, than animals or bacteria. They're simpler than animals in terms of lifestyle, and they exist in a single body, so they can't spread in an untidy manner like bacteria or viruses.
::Cons: If the Daodan were a plant, it probably would need to be able to survive on its own, being that plants are [[wikipedia:Autotroph|autotrophs]] -- unlike viruses, most bacteria, or animals. It's hard to picture the great Daodan organism living outside a host as a mere potted plant.
::Cons: If the Daodan were a plant, it probably would need to be able to survive on its own, being that plants are [[wp:Autotroph|autotrophs]] -- unlike viruses, most bacteria, or animals. It's hard to picture the great Daodan organism living outside a host as a mere potted plant.


:'''Bacteria'''
:'''Bacteria'''
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:'''Enigmata'''
:'''Enigmata'''
::Pros: Preserves the mystery of the Daodan, especially if it's even more low-level than a virus. Cf. [[wikipedia:viroid|viroids]], [[wikipedia:plasmid|plasmids]] (rolling circles, electroporation and replicons, oh my!), [[wikipedia:prion|prions]], [[wikipedia:transposon|transposons]].
::Pros: Preserves the mystery of the Daodan, especially if it's even more low-level than a virus. Cf. [[wp:viroid|viroids]], [[wp:plasmid|plasmids]] (rolling circles, electroporation and replicons, oh my!), [[wp:prion|prions]], [[wp:transposon|transposons]].
::Cons: It's complicated! Much easier to just say that the Daodan is a special plant. Also, if the Daodan is transferred on the genetic level, might it be contagious? That would run counter to Hasegawa's notion of the Daodan needing to be implanted, person by person. This would have story-changing implications.
::Cons: It's complicated! Much easier to just say that the Daodan is a special plant. Also, if the Daodan is transferred on the genetic level, might it be contagious? That would run counter to Hasegawa's notion of the Daodan needing to be implanted, person by person. This would have story-changing implications.


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:Kerr tells us that the Chrysalises were being grown "based on the genetic codes of" Mai and Muro. One way to interpret that is that they had extracted portions of tissue, or perhaps used their stem cells to generate a new mass of tissue, and introduced the Daodan to them; perhaps they used a sample from a plant or animal in the Wilderness that they found to be Daodan-enhanced. If the Daodan organism is something as low-level as a genetic process (see the [[Oni2:Slaves of War/Neo-Biology#Daodan organism|Neo-Biology]] page for details), then the idea is that it can leap from species to species, so the source of the Daodan "genes" is not important. Then, when it was eventually decided to implant the Daodanized tissue back into Mai and Muro, Hasegawa and Kerr would have needed some way to take the tissue that had been modified outside their bodies and re-introduce it.
:Kerr tells us that the Chrysalises were being grown "based on the genetic codes of" Mai and Muro. One way to interpret that is that they had extracted portions of tissue, or perhaps used their stem cells to generate a new mass of tissue, and introduced the Daodan to them; perhaps they used a sample from a plant or animal in the Wilderness that they found to be Daodan-enhanced. If the Daodan organism is something as low-level as a genetic process (see the [[Oni2:Slaves of War/Neo-Biology#Daodan organism|Neo-Biology]] page for details), then the idea is that it can leap from species to species, so the source of the Daodan "genes" is not important. Then, when it was eventually decided to implant the Daodanized tissue back into Mai and Muro, Hasegawa and Kerr would have needed some way to take the tissue that had been modified outside their bodies and re-introduce it.


:The means for this process can be found in a cutting-edge field known as [[wikipedia:Regenerative_medicine|regenerative medicine]]. Papers such as [https://www.freshpatents.com/Multilayered-composite-for-organ-augmentation-and-repair-dt20080403ptan20080081362.php this patent application] <!--alternate link from USPTO itself, not sure if it expires after a while: http://appft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220080081362%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20080081362&RS=DN/20080081362--> demonstrate a means by which autologous cells (one's own cells, not a donor's) can be extracted, altered, and re-implanted using a degradable matrix. As ¶30 says,
:The means for this process can be found in a cutting-edge field known as [[wp:Regenerative_medicine|regenerative medicine]]. Papers such as [http://appft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220080081362%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20080081362&RS=DN/20080081362 this patent application] demonstrate a means by which autologous cells (one's own cells, not a donor's) can be extracted, altered, and re-implanted using a degradable matrix. As ¶30 says,
{{Pullquote|Alternatively, the tissue or cellularized (cell) sample may be treated in vitro before being placed on the scaffold layer. For example, cells (such as autologous cells) can be cultured in vitro to increase the number of cells available for seeding on the scaffold(s). The use of allogenic cells, and more preferably autologous cells, is preferred to prevent tissue rejection. In certain embodiments, chimeric cells, or cells from a transgenic animal, can be seeded onto the polymeric matrix. Cells can also be transfected prior to seeding with genetic material. Useful genetic material may be, for example, genetic sequences which are capable of reducing or eliminating an immune response in the host. For example, the expression of cell surface antigens such as class I and class II histocompatibility antigens may be suppressed. This may allow the transplanted cells to have reduced chance of rejection by the host. In addition, transfection could also be used for gene delivery. Urothelial and muscle cells could be transfected with specific genes prior to polymer seeding. The cell-polymer construct could carry genetic information required for the long term survival of the host or the tissue engineered neo-organ.}}
{{Pullquote|Alternatively, the tissue or cellularized (cell) sample may be treated in vitro before being placed on the scaffold layer. For example, cells (such as autologous cells) can be cultured in vitro to increase the number of cells available for seeding on the scaffold(s). The use of allogenic cells, and more preferably autologous cells, is preferred to prevent tissue rejection. In certain embodiments, chimeric cells, or cells from a transgenic animal, can be seeded onto the polymeric matrix. Cells can also be transfected prior to seeding with genetic material. Useful genetic material may be, for example, genetic sequences which are capable of reducing or eliminating an immune response in the host. For example, the expression of cell surface antigens such as class I and class II histocompatibility antigens may be suppressed. This may allow the transplanted cells to have reduced chance of rejection by the host. In addition, transfection could also be used for gene delivery. Urothelial and muscle cells could be transfected with specific genes prior to polymer seeding. The cell-polymer construct could carry genetic information required for the long term survival of the host or the tissue engineered neo-organ.}}
:This method can work not just for replacing missing organs, but, as ¶31 says,
:This method can work not just for replacing missing organs, but, as ¶31 says,
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:Much speculative sci-fi agrees that, although circuits and silicon are neat-o, the "final frontier" of technology is organic, not mechanical.  The near-future world of "Ghost in the Shell" represents a natural extrapolation of current technology like robotics and computers, whereas the organic frontier is something much further out. After all, living things can repair themselves, adapt themselves, and reproduce themselves. That's the magic of life, and our silicon-based inventions are pathetically primitive by comparison. Sure, we could eventually develop nanomachines that self-replicate, but they're likely to feel like a pale imitation, an inefficient attempt at recreating what living cells have been doing for eons.
:Much speculative sci-fi agrees that, although circuits and silicon are neat-o, the "final frontier" of technology is organic, not mechanical.  The near-future world of "Ghost in the Shell" represents a natural extrapolation of current technology like robotics and computers, whereas the organic frontier is something much further out. After all, living things can repair themselves, adapt themselves, and reproduce themselves. That's the magic of life, and our silicon-based inventions are pathetically primitive by comparison. Sure, we could eventually develop nanomachines that self-replicate, but they're likely to feel like a pale imitation, an inefficient attempt at recreating what living cells have been doing for eons.


:So perhaps this hypothetical race that lives on the other side of the veil developed the Daodan on purpose. What purpose would it have? Well, consider the effects of the Daodan: it makes living things stronger by adapting in "real-time". Currently, life forms take generations to adapt and improve. Sometimes a distinction is made between [[wikipedia:macroevolution|macroevolution]] and [[wikipedia:microevolution|microevolution]]. Macroevolution is said to take place over thousands or millions of years; microevolution, also known as adaptation or natural selection, takes place over a much smaller scale, perhaps a couple centuries. By contrast, the Daodan enables instant adaptation within the lifetime of a single organism -- nanoevolution, if you will.
:So perhaps this hypothetical race that lives on the other side of the veil developed the Daodan on purpose. What purpose would it have? Well, consider the effects of the Daodan: it makes living things stronger by adapting in "real-time". Currently, life forms take generations to adapt and improve. Sometimes a distinction is made between [[wp:macroevolution|macroevolution]] and [[wp:microevolution|microevolution]]. Macroevolution is said to take place over thousands or millions of years; microevolution, also known as adaptation or natural selection, takes place over a much smaller scale, perhaps a couple centuries. By contrast, the Daodan enables instant adaptation within the lifetime of a single organism -- nanoevolution, if you will.


:Humans do not simply accept the existence of deadly diseases, shrugging and hoping that we eventually evolve immunity to them in a million years. We try to use medicine and science to eliminate them. Even if an expensive operation is needed to keep a single human alive, we will perform it. This sort of emphasis on the preservation of individual lives might be a natural outcome in any species that develops sufficient intelligence to be able to do something about our own health problems. Perhaps the Daodan simply represents the culmination in medical technology of this alien race.
:Humans do not simply accept the existence of deadly diseases, shrugging and hoping that we eventually evolve immunity to them in a million years. We try to use medicine and science to eliminate them. Even if an expensive operation is needed to keep a single human alive, we will perform it. This sort of emphasis on the preservation of individual lives might be a natural outcome in any species that develops sufficient intelligence to be able to do something about our own health problems. Perhaps the Daodan simply represents the culmination in medical technology of this alien race.
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:C. Mutual symbiosis. The Daodan and host benefit each other. The benefit of Daodan->human is obvious, but do we benefit the Daodan in any way? Requiring a host to live in does not count as mutualism; that would be obligate symbiosis for the Daodan. We would have to provide some other, less crucial benefit to the Daodan in order for mutual symbiosis to be taking place.
:C. Mutual symbiosis. The Daodan and host benefit each other. The benefit of Daodan->human is obvious, but do we benefit the Daodan in any way? Requiring a host to live in does not count as mutualism; that would be obligate symbiosis for the Daodan. We would have to provide some other, less crucial benefit to the Daodan in order for mutual symbiosis to be taking place.
:D. Commensalism. Neither life form does much good for the other; they pretty much ignore each other. This is clearly not the case with the Daodan-human relationship.
:D. Commensalism. Neither life form does much good for the other; they pretty much ignore each other. This is clearly not the case with the Daodan-human relationship.
:E. Parasitism. One member of the relationship harms the other. This might seem to be the opposite of what the Daodan does, but how do we know that the Daodan is ultimately helping us at all? Hasegawa thought it would, but he may have known too little about the organism. Sure, the Daodan helps us in the short term, but what if it's just burning us up for fuel? Or what if it's taking us over? One of the alarming aspects of parasites is that some of them are capable of altering the behavior of their hosts. See the [[Oni2:Slaves of War/Neo-Biology|Neo-Biology]] page for examples of parasitism. Note that in many cases, the behavioral modifications are not noticeable right away. In some cases, the host is eventually destroyed by the parasite, and in some cases it merely passes out of the host after the host has done its bidding (as geyser would say, "[[wikipedia:Does a Bee Care?|Does a bee care?]]").
:E. Parasitism. One member of the relationship harms the other. This might seem to be the opposite of what the Daodan does, but how do we know that the Daodan is ultimately helping us at all? Hasegawa thought it would, but he may have known too little about the organism. Sure, the Daodan helps us in the short term, but what if it's just burning us up for fuel? Or what if it's taking us over? One of the alarming aspects of parasites is that some of them are capable of altering the behavior of their hosts. See the [[Oni2:Slaves of War/Neo-Biology|Neo-Biology]] page for examples of parasitism. Note that in many cases, the behavioral modifications are not noticeable right away. In some cases, the host is eventually destroyed by the parasite, and in some cases it merely passes out of the host after the host has done its bidding (as geyser would say, "[[wp:Does a Bee Care?|Does a bee care?]]").


To be exact, the word for the Daodan's type of symbiosis, whether harmful or helpful, is endosymbiosis, meaning it lives inside its host.
To be exact, the word for the Daodan's type of symbiosis, whether harmful or helpful, is endosymbiosis, meaning it lives inside its host.
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:If all the Daodan did was re-tool the human body a little, we could assume that it was simply running off the normal fuels of the human body: food, water, and air. But in its advanced state, it allows a host to do some pretty amazing things, like throwing around energy balls and generating force fields. Either the Daodan is vastly superior to our bodies at energy generation, or else it's receiving energy from somewhere else.
:If all the Daodan did was re-tool the human body a little, we could assume that it was simply running off the normal fuels of the human body: food, water, and air. But in its advanced state, it allows a host to do some pretty amazing things, like throwing around energy balls and generating force fields. Either the Daodan is vastly superior to our bodies at energy generation, or else it's receiving energy from somewhere else.
:A. The Daodan is tied to the "other side". In other words, there's a sort of phase portal inside the host that draws energy from there. This only displaces the question of where the energy comes from to "somewhere else, somehow".
:A. The Daodan is tied to the "other side". In other words, there's a sort of phase portal inside the host that draws energy from there. This only displaces the question of where the energy comes from to "somewhere else, somehow".
:B. The Daodan is tied to the rest of the Wilderness. Perhaps some of the plants in the Wilderness broadcast energy, either as [[wikipedia:Wireless_energy_transfer|conventional waves]] or through something more exotic like "phase transference" that only the plants of the Wilderness can use. Perhaps the energy that is drawn on by the Daodan is collected by lifeforms like the Screaming Cell. Does the Screaming Cell really need all that energy for itself? Perhaps the excess energy stolen from other life collects somewhere, then is broadcast, either by the Screaming Cell's "base station" or by a third plant that serves as a kind of phase-based [[wikipedia:Wardenclyffe_Tower|Wardenclyffe Tower]].
:B. The Daodan is tied to the rest of the Wilderness. Perhaps some of the plants in the Wilderness broadcast energy, either as [[wp:Wireless_energy_transfer|conventional waves]] or through something more exotic like "phase transference" that only the plants of the Wilderness can use. Perhaps the energy that is drawn on by the Daodan is collected by lifeforms like the Screaming Cell. Does the Screaming Cell really need all that energy for itself? Perhaps the excess energy stolen from other life collects somewhere, then is broadcast, either by the Screaming Cell's "base station" or by a third plant that serves as a kind of phase-based [[wp:Wardenclyffe_Tower|Wardenclyffe Tower]].


:One final thing to think about: if the Daodan replaces human cells with its own... and it draws its energy from the Wilderness, not food... and some people want to eradicate the Wilderness... what happens to the Daodan hosts if they find a way to destroy the Wilderness?
:One final thing to think about: if the Daodan replaces human cells with its own... and it draws its energy from the Wilderness, not food... and some people want to eradicate the Wilderness... what happens to the Daodan hosts if they find a way to destroy the Wilderness?
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:B. Suppression waves. If we choose to make this possible, we can allow energy waves to inhibit the growth of the organism so as to prevent the Imago stage. The waves could be broadcast from towers stationed throughout the cities. The only way to avoid their influence is, naturally, to live outside the cities. No ordinary citizen is going to be willing to do this, as the "outside" is likely to be a mix of [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0079501/ Mad Max]-style road wars and [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0080391/ crazy killer plant life].
:B. Suppression waves. If we choose to make this possible, we can allow energy waves to inhibit the growth of the organism so as to prevent the Imago stage. The waves could be broadcast from towers stationed throughout the cities. The only way to avoid their influence is, naturally, to live outside the cities. No ordinary citizen is going to be willing to do this, as the "outside" is likely to be a mix of [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0079501/ Mad Max]-style road wars and [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0080391/ crazy killer plant life].
:C. Rival implants. If the Daodan organism has enemies in the Wilderness, implant one of them alongside the Chrysalis to inhibit its growth. Obviously this interaction could lead to unforeseen results, which could also be a part of the plot if we so choose.
:C. Rival implants. If the Daodan organism has enemies in the Wilderness, implant one of them alongside the Chrysalis to inhibit its growth. Obviously this interaction could lead to unforeseen results, which could also be a part of the plot if we so choose.
:D. Block energy reception. Per my idea above that the Daodan needs to draw outside energy for its more impressive feats, if something could be done to prevent the Daodan from receiving this energy, you could avoid mutant Imago rampages by the general populace. Since humanity is clearly learning how to harness phase technology, this should not be out of the question. But obviously it can't be something like requiring people to wear a wristband, because that is bound to go awry. It needs to be a method that people can't avoid... something that is an unavoidable part of living in the city, like [[wikipedia:Water fluoridation|treated water]] is today. ''Hmm....''
:D. Block energy reception. Per my idea above that the Daodan needs to draw outside energy for its more impressive feats, if something could be done to prevent the Daodan from receiving this energy, you could avoid mutant Imago rampages by the general populace. Since humanity is clearly learning how to harness phase technology, this should not be out of the question. But obviously it can't be something like requiring people to wear a wristband, because that is bound to go awry. It needs to be a method that people can't avoid... something that is an unavoidable part of living in the city, like [[wp:Water fluoridation|treated water]] is today. ''Hmm....''


===What was up with that [[Quotes/Consoles#Picasso_Island|Bertram Navarre]] guy?===
===What was up with that [[Quotes/Consoles#Picasso_Island|Bertram Navarre]] guy?===
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===If/when she does go Imago, isn't Mai going to be too powerful to make the game challenging?===
===If/when she does go Imago, isn't Mai going to be too powerful to make the game challenging?===
:A. Play [[wikipedia:Zone_of_the_Enders:_The_2nd_Runner|ZOE 2]] before you ask that question. You're massively more powerful at the end than you were at the start of [[wikipedia:Zone_of_the_Enders|ZOE]], wasting dozens of enemies with each attack. But the game's still challenging. The key is just having tons of enemies or one very strong enemy.
:A. Play [[wp:Zone_of_the_Enders:_The_2nd_Runner|ZOE 2]] before you ask that question. You're massively more powerful at the end than you were at the start of [[wp:Zone_of_the_Enders|ZOE]], wasting dozens of enemies with each attack. But the game's still challenging. The key is just having tons of enemies or one very strong enemy.
:B. She might not always be transformed or able to transform.
:B. She might not always be transformed or able to transform.
:C. There's the amnesia option proposed elsewhere, but amnesia wouldn't remove her strength, only her skill. Still, having to re-learn fighting would make the game more challenging. But I am not a fan of a contrived "restart" that wants to drag a character back to where they were.
:C. There's the amnesia option proposed elsewhere, but amnesia wouldn't remove her strength, only her skill. Still, having to re-learn fighting would make the game more challenging. But I am not a fan of a contrived "restart" that wants to drag a character back to where they were.
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:A. The Daodan is not perfect, so it cannot make the host perfect (i.e., remove a basic flaw in the cellular processes).
:A. The Daodan is not perfect, so it cannot make the host perfect (i.e., remove a basic flaw in the cellular processes).
:B. The Daodan was designed to improve an organism but not to grant it immortality. The designers may have a philosophical or cultural reason for Daodan hosts or the general populace not living forever.
:B. The Daodan was designed to improve an organism but not to grant it immortality. The designers may have a philosophical or cultural reason for Daodan hosts or the general populace not living forever.
:C. The Daodan has no effect on aging because it doesn't affect the shortening of [[wikipedia:telomeres|telomeres]]. It can only heal the body as long as it can create new cells, but since telomere-shortening is part of the program in human DNA, the Daodan will eventually run out of the physical means to keep the body going, regardless of how much energy the Daodan can access.
:C. The Daodan has no effect on aging because it doesn't affect the shortening of [[wp:telomeres|telomeres]]. It can only heal the body as long as it can create new cells, but since telomere-shortening is part of the program in human DNA, the Daodan will eventually run out of the physical means to keep the body going, regardless of how much energy the Daodan can access.
:D. The Daodan actually shortens the host lifespan because it forces rapid cell doubling. More frequent cell division accelerates the aging process.
:D. The Daodan actually shortens the host lifespan because it forces rapid cell doubling. More frequent cell division accelerates the aging process.


:The fact is, the "aging problem" seems to be really complex; scientists can't agree on whether we die because our cells are programmed that way or because of accumulated environmental damage. Certainly the whole telomere-shortening issue is not considered to be a fundamental law of life. There are life forms that don't even use telomeres (simple ones), and some of the ones that do seem to be able to keep their telomeres from shrinking. One species of bird may even lengthen its telomeres over time.
:The fact is, the "aging problem" seems to be really complex; scientists can't agree on whether we die because our cells are programmed that way or because of accumulated environmental damage. Certainly the whole telomere-shortening issue is not considered to be a fundamental law of life. There are life forms that don't even use telomeres (simple ones), and some of the ones that do seem to be able to keep their telomeres from shrinking. One species of bird may even lengthen its telomeres over time.


:Then you have the infamous [[wikipedia:HeLa|HeLa]] cell line, taken from the cancerous tissue of a woman who died 60 years ago. HeLa cells are immortal (and frighteningly adaptable). Just to drive the point home, these are <u>human</u> cells, dividing without end, because they fully restore their telomeres with every division. However, this is because they are a cancer, not a viable life form. It could be that complex life forms just aren't able to live forever because of some trade-offs we're not familiar with. But scientists generally agree that there is no known reason why our bodies cannot keep going indefinitely, on a mechanical level.
:Then you have the infamous [[wp:HeLa|HeLa]] cell line, taken from the cancerous tissue of a woman who died 60 years ago. HeLa cells are immortal (and frighteningly adaptable). Just to drive the point home, these are <u>human</u> cells, dividing without end, because they fully restore their telomeres with every division. However, this is because they are a cancer, not a viable life form. It could be that complex life forms just aren't able to live forever because of some trade-offs we're not familiar with. But scientists generally agree that there is no known reason why our bodies cannot keep going indefinitely, on a mechanical level.


:Perhaps more importantly, aging may be a much more holistic problem than a simple matter of stopping telomeres from getting shorter. Scientists have not even demonstrated that aging is <u>caused</u> by shortening of telomeres. It's also hard to tell whether longer telomeres lead to less incidences of cancer, or <u>more</u> incidences! However, for our purposes, we can simply say that the Daodan is like cancer that only keeps on improving you. It's just magic that way, or [[wikipedia:Clarke%27s_three_laws|sufficiently advanced technology]], anyway. The open question is still whether the Daodan can, or was designed to, stop aging.
:Perhaps more importantly, aging may be a much more holistic problem than a simple matter of stopping telomeres from getting shorter. Scientists have not even demonstrated that aging is <u>caused</u> by shortening of telomeres. It's also hard to tell whether longer telomeres lead to less incidences of cancer, or <u>more</u> incidences! However, for our purposes, we can simply say that the Daodan is like cancer that only keeps on improving you. It's just magic that way, or [[wp:Clarke%27s_three_laws|sufficiently advanced technology]], anyway. The open question is still whether the Daodan can, or was designed to, stop aging.


:Finally, an intriguing counterpoint is that of neurons. Our brain cells are actually immortal, and not in the sense of HeLa being immortal because it never stops dividing. Neurons <u>don't divide at all</u>. You still have the same cells in your brain that you did when you were young. To be exact, neurons stop being produced in adulthood, so after that point, what you got is what you got. Except there's an exception there too -- the hippocampus and olfactory bulbs continue to generate new neurons. So, even though our bodies tend to give out after 80 or so years, our brains might in fact be immortal. Can the Daodan extend this special property of the brain to our entire bodies? I suppose the answer is whatever we think leads to the most interesting story.
:Finally, an intriguing counterpoint is that of neurons. Our brain cells are actually immortal, and not in the sense of HeLa being immortal because it never stops dividing. Neurons <u>don't divide at all</u>. You still have the same cells in your brain that you did when you were young. To be exact, neurons stop being produced in adulthood, so after that point, what you got is what you got. Except there's an exception there too -- the hippocampus and olfactory bulbs continue to generate new neurons. So, even though our bodies tend to give out after 80 or so years, our brains might in fact be immortal. Can the Daodan extend this special property of the brain to our entire bodies? I suppose the answer is whatever we think leads to the most interesting story.
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:*Mai is trying to find her father. It should be for more than sentimental reasons, because those would seem trivial when the world is on fire, but certainly she wants some kind of answers or closure, similar to an adopted child seeking out his real parents. But likely Hasegawa will have data on the Daodan that could be instrumental to whatever is going on. When she finds him, we get to learn what he's been up to all this time. Maybe finding him is just the start of Act Two, as his information sets a new plot in motion.
:*Mai is trying to find her father. It should be for more than sentimental reasons, because those would seem trivial when the world is on fire, but certainly she wants some kind of answers or closure, similar to an adopted child seeking out his real parents. But likely Hasegawa will have data on the Daodan that could be instrumental to whatever is going on. When she finds him, we get to learn what he's been up to all this time. Maybe finding him is just the start of Act Two, as his information sets a new plot in motion.


:*It could also be about a new development in the Wilderness... at first, it was just Daodan-enhanced plant life, polluting our air with the byproducts of its respiration, but now more advanced life is appearing, on higher [[wikipedia:trophic_level|trophic levels]]. The world, viewed as a "trophic map", shows the large masses of Wilderness plants around the world as one color, then a darker color within that mass, spreading out in all directions, representing level 2, then level 3 heterotrophs -- either coming through the veil, or else our animal life is now successfully being modified by the Daodan as well, or can now successfully live off the foreign flora. Earth as we know it will be swallowed up unless we can stop it -- or failing that, implant all humans with Chrysalises so they can survive the final cataclysm.
:*It could also be about a new development in the Wilderness... at first, it was just Daodan-enhanced plant life, polluting our air with the byproducts of its respiration, but now more advanced life is appearing, on higher [[wp:trophic_level|trophic levels]]. The world, viewed as a "trophic map", shows the large masses of Wilderness plants around the world as one color, then a darker color within that mass, spreading out in all directions, representing level 2, then level 3 heterotrophs -- either coming through the veil, or else our animal life is now successfully being modified by the Daodan as well, or can now successfully live off the foreign flora. Earth as we know it will be swallowed up unless we can stop it -- or failing that, implant all humans with Chrysalises so they can survive the final cataclysm.


:*Perhaps Man is trying to burn away the mutated Wilderness to re-establish a normal ecosphere and Mai feels this is not the right path. Or, alternately, Mai is simply traveling the world to see how the Wilderness is being coped with in different areas. Perhaps there's even a Utopian city that is successful keeping out the Daodan, but at some kind of horrible cost (human sacrifices?).
:*Perhaps Man is trying to burn away the mutated Wilderness to re-establish a normal ecosphere and Mai feels this is not the right path. Or, alternately, Mai is simply traveling the world to see how the Wilderness is being coped with in different areas. Perhaps there's even a Utopian city that is successful keeping out the Daodan, but at some kind of horrible cost (human sacrifices?).