Bertram Navarre: Difference between revisions

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 ==Added value==
 ===Reality soon outruns fiction ?===
-* Retasking a cell is also known as transdifferentiation whereby the cell type becomes directly changed.
-** In nature, cells usually ''do one step backwards'' ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_differentiation#Dedifferentiation dedifferentiation]) before they transform into a new cell type (redifferentiation).
 * At first scientists tried to repair nerve damages by taking [[wikipedia:Embryonic_stem_cell|embryonic stem cells (ESC)]] and let them replicate and then specialize to nerve cells.
 ** In 1999 a mouse spine was [http://www.nature.com/nm/journal/v5/n12/abs/nm1299_1410.html repaired] with ESC to some degree. -- At that time Oni's story was rewritten. It might be possible that Hardy read about the experiment and pushed the idea a few steps further.
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 ** In 2012 a mouse spine was [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22223498 repaired] with iPSC.
-* In 2013 [http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/01/130110121020.htm direct cell type conversion] has been demonstrated without the need of viral vectors.
+* Producing those pluripotent cells and let them transform (differentiate) into the desired cell types is only the second best option because errors can occur during the process and often there are more than one transformation necessary.
+** Here comes [[wikipedia:Transdifferentiation|transdifferentiation]] very handy, this process changes the cell type directly.
+* In 2013 another [http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/01/130110121020.htm direct cell type conversion] was demonstrated whereby only one type of protein needed to get repressed. That's good news because methods based on viral vectors, plasmids and RNA can alter the genome in an unintentional way or have other problematic side effects.
 ** So for the year 2032 it seems totally possible to regenerate spinal damages in humans. With that in mind, Bertram Navarre depicts a very believable speculation about future's technology.